Which federal agency is primarily responsible for enforcing the ADA's employment provisions?

The correct answer is the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) because this agency is specifically tasked with enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee because of their disability, among other protected characteristics. The EEOC oversees and ensures compliance with the employment provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which prohibits discrimination in the workplace.

When individuals believe they have been discriminated against based on their disability, they can file a complaint with the EEOC. The agency investigates these claims, provides guidance on compliance with the ADA, and ensures that the rights of individuals with disabilities are upheld in employment settings.

Other federal agencies listed, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Department of Labor (DOL), have different focuses. OSHA primarily concerns workplace safety and health, while the DOL oversees various labor-related issues, but neither of these agencies is specifically responsible for enforcing the ADA's employment provisions. The American Disability Rights Commission does not exist as a federal agency responsible for ADA enforcement; thus, it does not have any regulatory authority in this context.